6 files changed, 161 insertions, 295 deletions
diff --git a/src/Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvMemoryManager.cs b/src/Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvMemoryManager.cs
index 2f9743ab..6e864f4c 100644
--- a/src/Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvMemoryManager.cs
+++ b/src/Ryujinx.Cpu/AppleHv/HvMemoryManager.cs
@@ -16,12 +16,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
     /// Represents a CPU memory manager which maps guest virtual memory directly onto the Hypervisor page table.
     /// </summary>
     [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
-    public class HvMemoryManager : MemoryManagerBase, IMemoryManager, IVirtualMemoryManagerTracked, IWritableBlock
+    public class HvMemoryManager : VirtualMemoryManagerRefCountedBase<ulong, ulong>, IMemoryManager, IVirtualMemoryManagerTracked, IWritableBlock
     {
-        public const int PageBits = 12;
-        public const int PageSize = 1 << PageBits;
-        public const int PageMask = PageSize - 1;
-
         public const int PageToPteShift = 5; // 32 pages (2 bits each) in one ulong page table entry.
         public const ulong BlockMappedMask = 0x5555555555555555; // First bit of each table entry set.
 
@@ -39,8 +35,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
 
         private readonly InvalidAccessHandler _invalidAccessHandler;
 
-        private readonly ulong _addressSpaceSize;
-
         private readonly HvAddressSpace _addressSpace;
 
         internal HvAddressSpace AddressSpace => _addressSpace;
@@ -62,6 +56,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
 
         public event Action<ulong, ulong> UnmapEvent;
 
+        protected override ulong AddressSpaceSize { get; }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates a new instance of the Hypervisor memory manager.
         /// </summary>
@@ -73,7 +69,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
             _backingMemory = backingMemory;
             _pageTable = new PageTable<ulong>();
             _invalidAccessHandler = invalidAccessHandler;
-            _addressSpaceSize = addressSpaceSize;
+            AddressSpaceSize = addressSpaceSize;
 
             ulong asSize = PageSize;
             int asBits = PageBits;
@@ -92,42 +88,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
             Tracking = new MemoryTracking(this, PageSize, invalidAccessHandler);
         }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Checks if the virtual address is part of the addressable space.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="va">Virtual address</param>
-        /// <returns>True if the virtual address is part of the addressable space</returns>
-        private bool ValidateAddress(ulong va)
-        {
-            return va < _addressSpaceSize;
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Checks if the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="va">Virtual address of the range</param>
-        /// <param name="size">Size of the range in bytes</param>
-        /// <returns>True if the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space</returns>
-        private bool ValidateAddressAndSize(ulong va, ulong size)
-        {
-            ulong endVa = va + size;
-            return endVa >= va && endVa >= size && endVa <= _addressSpaceSize;
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Ensures the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="va">Virtual address of the range</param>
-        /// <param name="size">Size of the range in bytes</param>
-        /// <exception cref="InvalidMemoryRegionException">Throw when the memory region specified outside the addressable space</exception>
-        private void AssertValidAddressAndSize(ulong va, ulong size)
-        {
-            if (!ValidateAddressAndSize(va, size))
-            {
-                throw new InvalidMemoryRegionException($"va=0x{va:X16}, size=0x{size:X16}");
-            }
-        }
-
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public void Map(ulong va, ulong pa, ulong size, MemoryMapFlags flags)
         {
@@ -209,9 +169,19 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public void Read(ulong va, Span<byte> data)
+        public override void Read(ulong va, Span<byte> data)
         {
-            ReadImpl(va, data);
+            try
+            {
+                base.Read(va, data);
+            }
+            catch (InvalidMemoryRegionException)
+            {
+                if (_invalidAccessHandler == null || !_invalidAccessHandler(va))
+                {
+                    throw;
+                }
+            }
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
@@ -340,7 +310,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
             {
                 Span<byte> data = new byte[size];
 
-                ReadImpl(va, data);
+                base.Read(va, data);
 
                 return data;
             }
@@ -367,7 +337,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
             {
                 Memory<byte> memory = new byte[size];
 
-                ReadImpl(va, memory.Span);
+                base.Read(va, memory.Span);
 
                 return new WritableRegion(this, va, memory);
             }
@@ -576,48 +546,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
             return regions;
         }
 
-        private void ReadImpl(ulong va, Span<byte> data)
-        {
-            if (data.Length == 0)
-            {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            try
-            {
-                AssertValidAddressAndSize(va, (ulong)data.Length);
-
-                int offset = 0, size;
-
-                if ((va & PageMask) != 0)
-                {
-                    ulong pa = GetPhysicalAddressChecked(va);
-
-                    size = Math.Min(data.Length, PageSize - (int)(va & PageMask));
-
-                    _backingMemory.GetSpan(pa, size).CopyTo(data[..size]);
-
-                    offset += size;
-                }
-
-                for (; offset < data.Length; offset += size)
-                {
-                    ulong pa = GetPhysicalAddressChecked(va + (ulong)offset);
-
-                    size = Math.Min(data.Length - offset, PageSize);
-
-                    _backingMemory.GetSpan(pa, size).CopyTo(data.Slice(offset, size));
-                }
-            }
-            catch (InvalidMemoryRegionException)
-            {
-                if (_invalidAccessHandler == null || !_invalidAccessHandler(va))
-                {
-                    throw;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         /// <remarks>
         /// This function also validates that the given range is both valid and mapped, and will throw if it is not.
@@ -936,6 +864,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.AppleHv
             _addressSpace.Dispose();
         }
 
-        private static void ThrowInvalidMemoryRegionException(string message) => throw new InvalidMemoryRegionException(message);
+        protected override Span<byte> GetPhysicalAddressSpan(ulong pa, int size)
+            => _backingMemory.GetSpan(pa, size);
+
+        protected override ulong TranslateVirtualAddressForRead(ulong va)
+            => GetPhysicalAddressChecked(va);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Ryujinx.Cpu/Jit/MemoryManager.cs b/src/Ryujinx.Cpu/Jit/MemoryManager.cs
index b9a54702..bbfdf536 100644
--- a/src/Ryujinx.Cpu/Jit/MemoryManager.cs
+++ b/src/Ryujinx.Cpu/Jit/MemoryManager.cs
@@ -14,12 +14,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
     /// <summary>
     /// Represents a CPU memory manager.
     /// </summary>
-    public sealed class MemoryManager : MemoryManagerBase, IMemoryManager, IVirtualMemoryManagerTracked, IWritableBlock
+    public sealed class MemoryManager : VirtualMemoryManagerRefCountedBase<ulong, ulong>, IMemoryManager, IVirtualMemoryManagerTracked, IWritableBlock
     {
-        public const int PageBits = 12;
-        public const int PageSize = 1 << PageBits;
-        public const int PageMask = PageSize - 1;
-
         private const int PteSize = 8;
 
         private const int PointerTagBit = 62;
@@ -35,8 +31,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
         /// </summary>
         public int AddressSpaceBits { get; }
 
-        private readonly ulong _addressSpaceSize;
-
         private readonly MemoryBlock _pageTable;
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -50,6 +44,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
 
         public event Action<ulong, ulong> UnmapEvent;
 
+        protected override ulong AddressSpaceSize { get; }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates a new instance of the memory manager.
         /// </summary>
@@ -71,7 +67,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
             }
 
             AddressSpaceBits = asBits;
-            _addressSpaceSize = asSize;
+            AddressSpaceSize = asSize;
             _pageTable = new MemoryBlock((asSize / PageSize) * PteSize);
 
             Tracking = new MemoryTracking(this, PageSize);
@@ -153,9 +149,19 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public void Read(ulong va, Span<byte> data)
+        public override void Read(ulong va, Span<byte> data)
         {
-            ReadImpl(va, data);
+            try
+            {
+                base.Read(va, data);
+            }
+            catch (InvalidMemoryRegionException)
+            {
+                if (_invalidAccessHandler == null || !_invalidAccessHandler(va))
+                {
+                    throw;
+                }
+            }
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
@@ -290,7 +296,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
             {
                 Span<byte> data = new byte[size];
 
-                ReadImpl(va, data);
+                base.Read(va, data);
 
                 return data;
             }
@@ -462,48 +468,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
             return regions;
         }
 
-        private void ReadImpl(ulong va, Span<byte> data)
-        {
-            if (data.Length == 0)
-            {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            try
-            {
-                AssertValidAddressAndSize(va, (ulong)data.Length);
-
-                int offset = 0, size;
-
-                if ((va & PageMask) != 0)
-                {
-                    ulong pa = GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va);
-
-                    size = Math.Min(data.Length, PageSize - (int)(va & PageMask));
-
-                    _backingMemory.GetSpan(pa, size).CopyTo(data[..size]);
-
-                    offset += size;
-                }
-
-                for (; offset < data.Length; offset += size)
-                {
-                    ulong pa = GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va + (ulong)offset);
-
-                    size = Math.Min(data.Length - offset, PageSize);
-
-                    _backingMemory.GetSpan(pa, size).CopyTo(data.Slice(offset, size));
-                }
-            }
-            catch (InvalidMemoryRegionException)
-            {
-                if (_invalidAccessHandler == null || !_invalidAccessHandler(va))
-                {
-                    throw;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public bool IsRangeMapped(ulong va, ulong size)
         {
@@ -544,37 +508,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
             return _pageTable.Read<ulong>((va / PageSize) * PteSize) != 0;
         }
 
-        private bool ValidateAddress(ulong va)
-        {
-            return va < _addressSpaceSize;
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Checks if the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="va">Virtual address of the range</param>
-        /// <param name="size">Size of the range in bytes</param>
-        /// <returns>True if the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space</returns>
-        private bool ValidateAddressAndSize(ulong va, ulong size)
-        {
-            ulong endVa = va + size;
-            return endVa >= va && endVa >= size && endVa <= _addressSpaceSize;
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Ensures the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="va">Virtual address of the range</param>
-        /// <param name="size">Size of the range in bytes</param>
-        /// <exception cref="InvalidMemoryRegionException">Throw when the memory region specified outside the addressable space</exception>
-        private void AssertValidAddressAndSize(ulong va, ulong size)
-        {
-            if (!ValidateAddressAndSize(va, size))
-            {
-                throw new InvalidMemoryRegionException($"va=0x{va:X16}, size=0x{size:X16}");
-            }
-        }
-
         private ulong GetPhysicalAddressInternal(ulong va)
         {
             return PteToPa(_pageTable.Read<ulong>((va / PageSize) * PteSize) & ~(0xffffUL << 48)) + (va & PageMask);
@@ -691,5 +624,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
         /// Disposes of resources used by the memory manager.
         /// </summary>
         protected override void Destroy() => _pageTable.Dispose();
+
+        protected override Span<byte> GetPhysicalAddressSpan(ulong pa, int size)
+            => _backingMemory.GetSpan(pa, size);
+
+        protected override ulong TranslateVirtualAddressForRead(ulong va)
+            => GetPhysicalAddressInternal(va);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Ryujinx.Cpu/Jit/MemoryManagerHostMapped.cs b/src/Ryujinx.Cpu/Jit/MemoryManagerHostMapped.cs
index 2b315e84..0b6ba260 100644
--- a/src/Ryujinx.Cpu/Jit/MemoryManagerHostMapped.cs
+++ b/src/Ryujinx.Cpu/Jit/MemoryManagerHostMapped.cs
@@ -13,12 +13,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
     /// <summary>
     /// Represents a CPU memory manager which maps guest virtual memory directly onto a host virtual region.
     /// </summary>
-    public sealed class MemoryManagerHostMapped : MemoryManagerBase, IMemoryManager, IVirtualMemoryManagerTracked, IWritableBlock
+    public sealed class MemoryManagerHostMapped : VirtualMemoryManagerRefCountedBase<ulong, ulong>, IMemoryManager, IVirtualMemoryManagerTracked, IWritableBlock
     {
-        public const int PageBits = 12;
-        public const int PageSize = 1 << PageBits;
-        public const int PageMask = PageSize - 1;
-
         public const int PageToPteShift = 5; // 32 pages (2 bits each) in one ulong page table entry.
         public const ulong BlockMappedMask = 0x5555555555555555; // First bit of each table entry set.
 
@@ -39,8 +35,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
 
         private readonly AddressSpace _addressSpace;
 
-        public ulong AddressSpaceSize { get; }
-
         private readonly PageTable<ulong> _pageTable;
 
         private readonly MemoryEhMeilleure _memoryEh;
@@ -60,6 +54,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
 
         public event Action<ulong, ulong> UnmapEvent;
 
+        protected override ulong AddressSpaceSize { get; }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates a new instance of the host mapped memory manager.
         /// </summary>
@@ -92,42 +88,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Checks if the virtual address is part of the addressable space.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="va">Virtual address</param>
-        /// <returns>True if the virtual address is part of the addressable space</returns>
-        private bool ValidateAddress(ulong va)
-        {
-            return va < AddressSpaceSize;
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Checks if the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="va">Virtual address of the range</param>
-        /// <param name="size">Size of the range in bytes</param>
-        /// <returns>True if the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space</returns>
-        private bool ValidateAddressAndSize(ulong va, ulong size)
-        {
-            ulong endVa = va + size;
-            return endVa >= va && endVa >= size && endVa <= AddressSpaceSize;
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Ensures the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="va">Virtual address of the range</param>
-        /// <param name="size">Size of the range in bytes</param>
-        /// <exception cref="InvalidMemoryRegionException">Throw when the memory region specified outside the addressable space</exception>
-        private void AssertValidAddressAndSize(ulong va, ulong size)
-        {
-            if (!ValidateAddressAndSize(va, size))
-            {
-                throw new InvalidMemoryRegionException($"va=0x{va:X16}, size=0x{size:X16}");
-            }
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
         /// Ensures the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space and fully mapped.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="va">Virtual address of the range</param>
@@ -235,7 +195,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public void Read(ulong va, Span<byte> data)
+        public override void Read(ulong va, Span<byte> data)
         {
             try
             {
@@ -816,6 +776,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.Jit
             _memoryEh.Dispose();
         }
 
-        private static void ThrowInvalidMemoryRegionException(string message) => throw new InvalidMemoryRegionException(message);
+        protected override Span<byte> GetPhysicalAddressSpan(ulong pa, int size)
+            => _addressSpace.Mirror.GetSpan(pa, size);
+
+        protected override ulong TranslateVirtualAddressForRead(ulong va)
+            => va;
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Ryujinx.Cpu/MemoryManagerBase.cs b/src/Ryujinx.Cpu/VirtualMemoryManagerRefCountedBase.cs
index 3288e3a4..c2d8cfb1 100644
--- a/src/Ryujinx.Cpu/MemoryManagerBase.cs
+++ b/src/Ryujinx.Cpu/VirtualMemoryManagerRefCountedBase.cs
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 using Ryujinx.Memory;
 using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Numerics;
 using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Cpu
 {
-    public abstract class MemoryManagerBase : IRefCounted
+    public abstract class VirtualMemoryManagerRefCountedBase<TVirtual, TPhysical> : VirtualMemoryManagerBase<TVirtual, TPhysical>, IRefCounted
+        where TVirtual : IBinaryInteger<TVirtual>
+        where TPhysical : IBinaryInteger<TPhysical>
     {
         private int _referenceCount;
 
diff --git a/src/Ryujinx.Memory/AddressSpaceManager.cs b/src/Ryujinx.Memory/AddressSpaceManager.cs
index 021d3366..b953eb30 100644
--- a/src/Ryujinx.Memory/AddressSpaceManager.cs
+++ b/src/Ryujinx.Memory/AddressSpaceManager.cs
@@ -11,12 +11,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Memory
     /// Represents a address space manager.
     /// Supports virtual memory region mapping, address translation and read/write access to mapped regions.
     /// </summary>
-    public sealed class AddressSpaceManager : IVirtualMemoryManager, IWritableBlock
+    public sealed class AddressSpaceManager : VirtualMemoryManagerBase<ulong, nuint>, IVirtualMemoryManager, IWritableBlock
     {
-        public const int PageBits = PageTable<nuint>.PageBits;
-        public const int PageSize = PageTable<nuint>.PageSize;
-        public const int PageMask = PageTable<nuint>.PageMask;
-
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public bool Supports4KBPages => true;
 
@@ -25,11 +21,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Memory
         /// </summary>
         public int AddressSpaceBits { get; }
 
-        private readonly ulong _addressSpaceSize;
-
         private readonly MemoryBlock _backingMemory;
         private readonly PageTable<nuint> _pageTable;
 
+        protected override ulong AddressSpaceSize { get; }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates a new instance of the memory manager.
         /// </summary>
@@ -47,7 +43,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Memory
             }
 
             AddressSpaceBits = asBits;
-            _addressSpaceSize = asSize;
+            AddressSpaceSize = asSize;
             _backingMemory = backingMemory;
             _pageTable = new PageTable<nuint>();
         }
@@ -103,12 +99,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Memory
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public void Read(ulong va, Span<byte> data)
-        {
-            ReadImpl(va, data);
-        }
-
-        /// <inheritdoc/>
         public void Write<T>(ulong va, T value) where T : unmanaged
         {
             Write(va, MemoryMarshal.Cast<T, byte>(MemoryMarshal.CreateSpan(ref value, 1)));
@@ -174,7 +164,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Memory
             {
                 Span<byte> data = new byte[size];
 
-                ReadImpl(va, data);
+                Read(va, data);
 
                 return data;
             }
@@ -346,34 +336,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Memory
             return regions;
         }
 
-        private void ReadImpl(ulong va, Span<byte> data)
-        {
-            if (data.Length == 0)
-            {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            AssertValidAddressAndSize(va, (ulong)data.Length);
-
-            int offset = 0, size;
-
-            if ((va & PageMask) != 0)
-            {
-                size = Math.Min(data.Length, PageSize - (int)(va & PageMask));
-
-                GetHostSpanContiguous(va, size).CopyTo(data[..size]);
-
-                offset += size;
-            }
-
-            for (; offset < data.Length; offset += size)
-            {
-                size = Math.Min(data.Length - offset, PageSize);
-
-                GetHostSpanContiguous(va + (ulong)offset, size).CopyTo(data.Slice(offset, size));
-            }
-        }
-
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
         public bool IsMapped(ulong va)
@@ -414,37 +376,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Memory
             return true;
         }
 
-        private bool ValidateAddress(ulong va)
-        {
-            return va < _addressSpaceSize;
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Checks if the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="va">Virtual address of the range</param>
-        /// <param name="size">Size of the range in bytes</param>
-        /// <returns>True if the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space</returns>
-        private bool ValidateAddressAndSize(ulong va, ulong size)
-        {
-            ulong endVa = va + size;
-            return endVa >= va && endVa >= size && endVa <= _addressSpaceSize;
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Ensures the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="va">Virtual address of the range</param>
-        /// <param name="size">Size of the range in bytes</param>
-        /// <exception cref="InvalidMemoryRegionException">Throw when the memory region specified outside the addressable space</exception>
-        private void AssertValidAddressAndSize(ulong va, ulong size)
-        {
-            if (!ValidateAddressAndSize(va, size))
-            {
-                throw new InvalidMemoryRegionException($"va=0x{va:X16}, size=0x{size:X16}");
-            }
-        }
-
         private unsafe Span<byte> GetHostSpanContiguous(ulong va, int size)
         {
             return new Span<byte>((void*)GetHostAddress(va), size);
@@ -471,5 +402,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Memory
         {
             // Only the ARM Memory Manager has tracking for now.
         }
+
+        protected override unsafe Span<byte> GetPhysicalAddressSpan(nuint pa, int size)
+            => new((void*)pa, size);
+
+        protected override nuint TranslateVirtualAddressForRead(ulong va)
+            => GetHostAddress(va);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Ryujinx.Memory/VirtualMemoryManagerBase.cs b/src/Ryujinx.Memory/VirtualMemoryManagerBase.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cbec88cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Ryujinx.Memory/VirtualMemoryManagerBase.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Memory
+{
+    public abstract class VirtualMemoryManagerBase<TVirtual, TPhysical>
+        where TVirtual : IBinaryInteger<TVirtual>
+        where TPhysical : IBinaryInteger<TPhysical>
+    {
+        public const int PageBits = 12;
+        public const int PageSize = 1 << PageBits;
+        public const int PageMask = PageSize - 1;
+
+        protected abstract TVirtual AddressSpaceSize { get; }
+
+        public virtual void Read(TVirtual va, Span<byte> data)
+        {
+            if (data.Length == 0)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            AssertValidAddressAndSize(va, TVirtual.CreateChecked(data.Length));
+
+            int offset = 0, size;
+
+            if ((int.CreateTruncating(va) & PageMask) != 0)
+            {
+                TPhysical pa = TranslateVirtualAddressForRead(va);
+
+                size = Math.Min(data.Length, PageSize - ((int.CreateTruncating(va) & PageMask)));
+
+                GetPhysicalAddressSpan(pa, size).CopyTo(data[..size]);
+
+                offset += size;
+            }
+
+            for (; offset < data.Length; offset += size)
+            {
+                TPhysical pa = TranslateVirtualAddressForRead(va + TVirtual.CreateChecked(offset));
+
+                size = Math.Min(data.Length - offset, PageSize);
+
+                GetPhysicalAddressSpan(pa, size).CopyTo(data.Slice(offset, size));
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Ensures the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">Virtual address of the range</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the range in bytes</param>
+        /// <exception cref="InvalidMemoryRegionException">Throw when the memory region specified outside the addressable space</exception>
+        protected void AssertValidAddressAndSize(TVirtual va, TVirtual size)
+        {
+            if (!ValidateAddressAndSize(va, size))
+            {
+                throw new InvalidMemoryRegionException($"va=0x{va:X16}, size=0x{size:X16}");
+            }
+        }
+
+        protected abstract Span<byte> GetPhysicalAddressSpan(TPhysical pa, int size);
+
+        protected abstract TPhysical TranslateVirtualAddressForRead(TVirtual va);
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Checks if the virtual address is part of the addressable space.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">Virtual address</param>
+        /// <returns>True if the virtual address is part of the addressable space</returns>
+        protected bool ValidateAddress(TVirtual va)
+        {
+            return va < AddressSpaceSize;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Checks if the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="va">Virtual address of the range</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the range in bytes</param>
+        /// <returns>True if the combination of virtual address and size is part of the addressable space</returns>
+        protected bool ValidateAddressAndSize(TVirtual va, TVirtual size)
+        {
+            TVirtual endVa = va + size;
+            return endVa >= va && endVa >= size && endVa <= AddressSpaceSize;
+        }
+
+        protected static void ThrowInvalidMemoryRegionException(string message)
+            => throw new InvalidMemoryRegionException(message);
+    }
+}